Screening Plagiarism

All submitted manuscripts are screened for similarity using Turnitin and/or iThenticate prior to the peer review process. The maximum acceptable similarity index is 20%.

Similarity reports are evaluated carefully by the editorial team. Properly quoted passages, correctly cited references, bibliographies, and commonly used academic phrases may be excluded from the similarity assessment where appropriate.

Manuscripts that exceed the permitted similarity threshold or show indications of plagiarism, self-plagiarism, duplicate publication, or excessive textual overlap will be returned to the author(s) for correction or may be rejected outright, depending on the severity of the case.

The final decision regarding the acceptability of a manuscript based on the similarity report rests with the Editor-in-Chief and the editorial team.