Extending the ARC (Ask, Record, Confirm) Technique to Enhance Real-Time Member Checking: A Case Study at Malaysia’s Transport License Department

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26618/w5r53a53

Authors

  • Naharudin bin Saadan Islamic Science University of Malaysia
  • Khairil Faizal bin Khairi Islamic Science University of Malaysia
  • Mohd Zairul Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  • Azuan bin Ahmad Islamic Science University of Malaysia
  • Agoos Munalir bin Tahir Islamic Science University of Malaysia

extended ARC technique, real-time member checking, qualitative research, focus group discussion, blockchain in public sector

Abstract

This study introduces the Extended ARC (Ask, Record, Confirm) technique as a methodological innovation for enhancing real-time member checking in qualitative focus group discussions (FGD). Building on the original ARC technique, the Extended ARC integrates physical and digital tools to improve transparency and rigour in data validation. Conducted at the Transport License Department (TLD) with operational officers engaged in a blockchain-based e-payment workflow, the method employed Google Forms for structured engagement, Google Sheets for real-time visualisation, and ATLAS.ti 25 for analysis. Implemented in seven phases that begin with preparation, logistics setup, thematic discussion, response submission, live monitoring, clarification, and final validation. The process enabled dynamic capture, refinement, and confirmation of participant input during the session. Real-time validation reduced the need for post-session transcription and strengthened the trustworthiness, dependability, and confirmability of findings. A deductive thematic analysis of the verified data yielded insights into blockchain’s suitability for improving inter-organisational collaboration workflow in the e-payment systems. By addressing the limitations of conventional member checking, the Extended ARC demonstrates methodological innovation, contextual adaptability, and offers a replicable framework for qualitative research in complex institutional environments.

Author Biographies

Naharudin bin Saadan, Islamic Science University of Malaysia

Researcher at Faculty of Economy and Muamalat, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai Negeri Sembilan

Khairil Faizal bin Khairi, Islamic Science University of Malaysia

Associates Professor
Faculty of Economy and Muamalat, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai Negeri Sembilan

Azuan bin Ahmad, Islamic Science University of Malaysia

Senior Lecturer

Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai Negeri Sembilan3

Agoos Munalir bin Tahir, Islamic Science University of Malaysia

Lecturer

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Published

2025-08-31

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Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): AGUSTUS 2025

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Articles

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