Work Motivation and Organizational Culture as Determinants of Civil Servant Performance and OCB in Boalemo Regency

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26618/c7xhgr61

Authors

  • M Yusuf Alfian Rendra Anggoro KR Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
  • Ismail Rasulong Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
  • Sherry Adelia Natsir Kalla Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
  • Mansoor Abdul Hamid Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah

Work Motivation, Organizational Culture, Employee Performance, Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)

Abstract

Public sector organizations are increasingly required to improve employee performance and encourage extra-role behavior in order to deliver effective and accountable public services. However, empirical evidence regarding the role of work motivation and organizational culture in shaping employee performance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior remains inconsistent, particularly in regional government institutions. This study aimed to analyze the influence of work motivation and organizational culture on employee performance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, as well as to examine the mediating role of employee performance in these relationships. The research employed a quantitative research design using a survey approach. The population consisted of civil servants working in the regional government of Boalemo Regency, Indonesia, and respondents were selected using a proportional random sampling technique. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with the Partial Least Squares approach. The results indicated that work motivation had a positive and significant effect on employee performance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Organizational culture, however, did not show a significant influence on either employee performance or Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Furthermore, employee performance was found to significantly influence Organizational Citizenship Behavior and partially mediated the relationship between work motivation and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening employee motivation to enhance performance and voluntary work behavior in the public sector. The study contributes to the literature on public sector management by providing empirical evidence on the mechanisms linking motivation, performance, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, and offers practical implications for government institutions seeking to improve organizational effectiveness.

References

Aboramadan, M., Albashiti, B., Alharazin, H., & Dahleez, K. (2022).

Human resources management practices and organizational performance in public organizations: The mediating role of organizational culture. Public Organization Review, 22(4), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00565-7

Ahmed, I., Islam, T., & Tariq, M. (2023).

Linking organizational culture and organizational citizenship behavior: The role of employee engagement. Journal of Public Affairs, 23(1), e2806. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.2806

Ali, B. J., Anwar, G., & Abdullah, N. N. (2021).

The effect of motivation on employee performance: Evidence from public sector organizations. International Journal of Engineering, Business and Management, 5(1), 1–12.

Al-Harbi, K., Alqahtani, A., & Khalid, M. (2021).

Organizational culture and employee performance in public organizations. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(4), 1023–1040. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-02-2020-2041

Gomes, J., & Lopes, H. (2022).

Organizational culture and collaborative performance in service organizations. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 9(3), 456–472. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-08-2021-0201

Haryono, S., Supardi, S., & Udin, U. (2023).

Organizational culture and employee performance: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 21(2), 312–322. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(2).2023.27

Khan, A. N., Khan, N. A., & Soomro, M. A. (2022).

Intrinsic motivation and employee performance: The role of organizational support in public sector institutions. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 35(5), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPSM-06-2021-0145

Khan, A. N., Khan, N. A., & Alam, M. (2023).

Intrinsic motivation and organizational citizenship behavior in public service organizations. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 36(2), 210–226. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPSM-09-2022-0215

Kim, S., & Park, H. (2021).

Organizational support and employee performance in public organizations: The mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. Public Personnel Management, 50(3), 356–374. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026020931602

Kim, S., & Park, H. (2022).

Public service motivation and organizational citizenship behavior in government institutions. Public Personnel Management, 51(4), 563–585. https://doi.org/10.1177/00910260211073120

Liu, Y., Chen, X., & Zhang, L. (2022).

Employee performance and organizational citizenship behavior: The role of contextual organizational factors. Sustainability, 14(9), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095632

Nguyen, T. H., Tran, Q. T., & Le, P. H. (2022).

Work motivation, work engagement, and organizational citizenship behavior: Evidence from emerging economies. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 14(3), 325–342. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJBA-05-2021-0201

Riyanto, S., Endri, E., & Hamid, A. (2021).

The influence of transformational leadership and motivation on employee performance in public organizations. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(3), 395–405. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no3.0395

Tran, Q. T., Nguyen, T. H., & Pham, L. T. (2023).

Organizational culture and employee performance in public sector institutions: The moderating role of leadership. Heliyon, 9(6), e16545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16545

Tuan, L. T. (2022).

Public service motivation and organizational citizenship behavior in public organizations. Public Organization Review, 22(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00548-8

Zhang, Y., Wang, L., & Chen, H. (2024).

Organizational citizenship behavior and employee performance: Evidence from public sector institutions. Sustainability, 16(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16031045

Downloads

Published

2026-02-28

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): FEBRUARY 2026

Section

Articles

License

Authors who publish with Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Profitability agree to the following terms:

  1. Copyright of the articles remains with the authors.

  2. Authors grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). This license allows others to:

    • Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format)

    • Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material)
      as long as they give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and source, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. Non-commercial use only.

  3. Authors are permitted to:

    • Distribute their published work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.

    • Enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to a class website or institutional archive).

  4. For permissions to use the content published in this journal beyond the scope of the license (e.g., commercial purposes), please contact the editorial office via the journal email.

License Details:
This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).