Implementation of Curriculum Development: Case Study on Early Childhood Education Teachers in Sragen Regency
Abstract
This study examines the implementation of early childhood education curriculum development in rural areas by early childhood education teachers in Sragen Regency. The research aims to place teachers as facilitators in school changes based on their perceptions of implementation as a result of developing the Early Childhood Education curriculum that the Regional and Central Government continuously develops. This study used a qualitative design with a case study approach. The informants of this research were ten early childhood education teachers in rural and urban areas of Sragen Regency, where the key informants were policymakers, namely the Head of the Education and Culture Office of Sragen Regency. The study results illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of competency-based curriculum implementation based on the experience of each according to the location of the teacher where he teaches. It is also implied that effective curriculum implementation is something or information conveyed by the teacher to students when the learning process takes place. Such conditions did not run smoothly, but there were many challenges, especially for teachers in rural areas. Apart from the problem of implementing the curriculum, facilities and infrastructure, there is also a lack of funding and inadequate human resources. It is recommended that future policymakers, teacher attention, and parental involvement could employ these findings for a decision basis. It is also suggested that policymakers could prioritize educational arrangements in complex Early Childhood Education before curriculum planning and implementation. The importance of involving teachers in rural areas can accommodate the aspirations of local wisdom and cultural behaviour as a characteristic of a plural nation-state.
Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan pengembangan kurikulum PAUD di pedesaan oleh guru PAUD di Kabupaten Sragen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menempatkan guru sebagai fasilatator dalam perubahan di sekolah dengan mendasarkan pada persepsinya dalam pengimplementasian sebagai hasil pengembangan kurikulum di kelembagaan PAUD yang terus dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Daerah dan Pusat. Studi ini digunakan desain kualitatif, ada 10 guru PAUD di pedesaan dan perkotaan wilayah Kabupaten Sragen sebagai informan, selain informan kunci adalah pemangku kebijakan yaitu Kepala Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Kabupaten Sragen. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa ada kelebihan dan kelemahan dari penerapan kurikulum berbasis kompetensi yang didasarkan pada pengalaman masing-masing sesuai lokasi guru tempat mengajar. Tersirat juga bahwa implementasi kurikulum yang efektif adalah instruksi guru kepada peserta didik ketika proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Perspektif seperti itu juga banyak memberikan wawasan bahwa tantangan yang dialami oleh guru PAUD di pedesaan selain dalam implementasi kurikulum juga sarana dan prasarana yang kurang memadai, selain juga kekurangan sumber dana dan sumber daya manusia. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan bahwa temuan penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai dasar untuk pemangku kebijakan di masa depan, perhatian guru, dan orang tua, bahkan ditegaskan bahwa pengaturan pendidikan di PAUD yang kompleks harus diperioritaskan oleh pembuat kebijakan sebelum perencanaan dan penerapan kurikulum, yang melibatkan guru PAUD di pedesaan sehingga kearifan lokal dan budaya perilaku sebagai ciri negara bangsa yang plural dapat terwadai.
Keywords
Full Text:
DOWNLOADReferences
Alfageme, A. E., Cantos, V. R., & Martinez, M. M. (2013). “Hak Partisipasi Anak dan Remaja Berisiko: Anak di bawah umur tanpa pendamping, anak-anak yang terkena dampak konflik bersenjata dan pekerja anak”. Jurnal Anak, Remaja dan Lingkungan, 17 (2).
Ball, S., Thamnes R., & Phelps E. (2012). “Bersiaplah untuk Hal yang Tak Terduga”. Jurnal Kontinjensi dan Manajemen Krisis, 11 (3), 129-131. doi: 10.1111/jccm. 2003. 11.issue-3.
Beista J., Prieshey F. & Robinson JR (2015). Praktisi yang Membebaskan: Mendorong Proses Perencanaan Partisipatif. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Chikutuma, NC & Mawere, B.J (2013). Peran Orang Tua dalam Mengembangkan Pemahaman Anak. Dalam A. DeBruin-Parecki, A. Van Kleeck, & S. Gear (Eds.); Mengembangkan Pemahaman Awal: Meletakkan Dasar untuk Kesuksesan Membaca (hlm. 197–214). Baltimore, MD: Brookes Publishing.
Cook, M., Blanchet T, Cohen J, & Hast M. (2014). Menjadi Manusia: Masalah Hak Pilihan. Cambridge, Inggris: Cambridge University Press.
Croydon, RK., etc. (2016). Harapan dan keputusasaan di kota Amerika: Mengapa Tidak Ada Sekolah yang Buruk di Raleigh. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Eckel, K. (2013). “Apakah kurikulum itu?”. Jurnal Asosiasi Kanada untuk Studi Kurikulum, 1 (1), 9-16.
Goodwin, A.L., Roegman, R., & Reagan, E. M. (2016). Apakah Pengalaman adalah Guru Terbaik? Praktik Klinis yang Luas dan Perspektif Guru Pembimbing tentang Pengajaran yang Efektif. Sage Publications, 5 (10), 1198–1225.
Guo, K., & Dalli, C. (2016). “Menjadi bagian dari Kekuatan Agen: Eksplorasi Kehidupan Sehari-hari Anak-anak Imigran di Lingkungan Anak usia Dini”. Jurnal Studi Global tentang Anak-anak, 6 (3), 254-267. doi: 10.1177 / 2043610616665036
Heckman, J. J. (2010). “Kebijakan untuk Mengembangkan Sumber Daya Manusia”. Penelitian Bidang Ekonomi Elsevier, 54 (1), 3–56.
Johnson, S., Monk, M., & Swain, J. (2010). “Constraints on Development and Change to Science Teachers’ Practices in Egyptian Classrooms”. Journal of Education for Teaching, 26(1), 9–24. doi: 10.1080/ 02607470050007101
Kehily, M. J. (Ed.). (2012). An Introduction to Childhood Studies. Maidenhead, England: Open University Press.
Kristen, M., Kemple, L. C., Hartle, V. I., & Correa, L. F. (2016). “Preparing Teachers for Inclusive Education: The Development of A Unified Teacher Education Program in Early Childhood and Early Childhood Special Education”. Teacher Education and Special Education: the Journal of Teacher Education Division of the Council for Exceptional Children, 17(1), 38–51.
Maynard, A. E. (2012). “Cultural Teaching: The Development of Teaching Skills in Maya Sibling Interactions”. Child Development, 73, 969–982. doi: 10.1111/1467-8624. 00450
Mitchell, L. (2010). “Constructions of Childhood in Early Childhood Education Policy Debate in New Zealand”. Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 11(4), 328–341.
Moleong, J. Lexy. (2012). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Nishino, T. (2013). “Japanese Secondary School Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices Regarding Communicative Language Teaching”. Japan Association for Language Teaching Journal, 30(1), 131–155.
Nsamenang, A. B. (2018). “Agency in Early Childhood Learning and Development in Cameroon”. Sage Journals, 9(3), 211–223.
Ornstein, A., & Hunkins, F. (2014). Design in Curriculum: Foundations, Principles and Issues (5th ed., pp.) Boston: Pearson.
Piagam Afrika. (1986). Piagam Afrika tentang Hak Asasi Manusia dan Hak Rakyat. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Rusman, M. (2015).“Curriculum Implementation at Elementary Schools: A Study on ‘Best Practices’ Done by Elementary School Teachers in Planning, Implementing, and Evaluating the Curriculum”. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(21), 106–112.
Stebbing, B. (2017). Learning Through Play: A Manual for ECEC. Harare: UNICEF.
Sugiyono. (2012). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Woerkum, C. Van., Aarts, N., & Van Herzele, A. (2011). “Changed Planning for Planned and Unplanned Vhange”. Planning Theory, 10 (2), 144–160. doi:10.1177/ 1473095210389651
Yan, C. (2014). “We can’t Change Much Unless the Exams Change”: Teachers’ Dilemmas in the Curriculum Reform in China”. Improving Schools5, 18(1),19. doi: 10.1177/ 1365480214553744
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26618/jed.v7i2.7354
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 JED (Jurnal Etika Demokrasi)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.