Analisis Geografis Faktor Penyebab Banjir di Perkotaan Sulawesi Selatan

Abstract

Looding is one of the most frequent hydrometeorological disasters occurring in urban areas of South Sulawesi Province and has tended to recur annually. This condition indicates serious problems related to urban environmental management and spatial planning. This study aims to analyze the factors causing flood disasters in urban areas of South Sulawesi Province based on a geography-based literature review. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach through a literature study using secondary data obtained from national and international scientific journals, theses, academic reports, and credible online news sources published between 2020 and 2025. The results show that flooding in urban areas of South Sulawesi is caused by a combination of natural factors and human activities. The dominant natural factors include high rainfall intensity, lowland topography, and the characteristics of river basins, while human-related factors consist of land-use change, rapid urbanization, reduction of water infiltration areas, and inadequate urban drainage systems. The interaction between these factors increases surface runoff and reduces the environment’s capacity to absorb rainfall, leading to frequent flooding. This study confirms that urban flooding is a complex and systemic geographical issue resulting from the interaction between humans and the environment. The findings are expected to contribute to a better understanding of urban flood causes and to support spatial planning and sustainable flood mitigation efforts in South Sulawesi Province.