COMMISSIVE SPEECH ACTS IN THE FIRST PUBLIC DEBATE OF THE 2024 RIAU GUBERNATORIAL CANDIDATES: A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS

Fadillah Fitri, Asnawi Asnawi

Abstract


The first public debate of the 2024 Riau gubernatorial election is a significant political and linguistic event, where candidates utilize the debate platform to construct political credibility through discursive strategies. This study aims to describe and analyze the forms of commissive illocutionary speech acts, particularly promises, used by candidates during the debate. The focus is on identifying verbal commitments as indicators of future policy intentions. This research employs a qualitative-descriptive approach, with the primary data sourced from a 1-hour-59-minute debate video broadcast by Kompas TV. Data were collected through documentation and transcription methods, and analyzed using Searle’s (1969) speech act theory, specifically the commissive category. The data analysis followed the Miles & Huberman model through stages of reduction, display, and verification. The findings reveal that commissive speech acts, especially promises, dominate the candidates' communication strategies and fall into three thematic domains: (1) infrastructure & technology development, (2) improving welfare & poverty alleviation, and (3) governance & education integrity. Candidates frequently employ futuristic verbs such as “will” and “intend” as rhetorical tools to establish public trust. This study contributes to the field of political pragmatics and language literacy, especially in the context of regional political debates. However, the study is limited by its focus on a single debate session, without examining post-election promise fulfillment. Future research is encouraged to explore the gap between political utterances and policy implementation.

Keywords


commissive speech act, political debate, promise, pragmatics, Riau election

Full Text:

PDF

References


Aminuddin. (2015). Semantik: Pengantar Studi tentang Makna (H. Suryana (ed.); 5th ed.). Penerbit Sinar Baru Algensindo Bandung.

Arifin, M. (2018). Hubungan Budaya dan Pengajaran Bahasa. 24.

Artati, A., Wardhana, D. E. C., & Basuki, R. (2020). Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Asertif, Direktif, Ekspresif, Komisif, dan Deklaratif pada Program Gelar Wicara Mata Najwa. Diksa : Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 6(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.33369/diksa.v6i1.9687

Astri, N. D. (2020). Analisis Tindak Tutur Lokusi, Ilokusi, Dan Perlokusi Dalam Cuitan Atau Meme Di Media Sosial Instagram. Jurnal Bahasa Indonesia Prima (BIP), 2(2), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.34012/bip.v2i2.1187

Brown, G., & Yule, G. (1983). Discourse Analysis (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Busri, H., & Badrih, M. (2022). Representation of Linguistic Characteristics in Mass Media. Kembara: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra Dan Pengajarannya, 8(1)(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.22219/kembara.v8i1.19324

Habiburrahman, Gani, H. A. A., & Setiawan, I. (2020). Strategi Tindak Tutur Komisif dalam Kampanye Politik Pilkada Serentak 2018. Jurnal Ilmiah Telaah, 5(1), 1–7. http://journal.ummat.ac.id/index.php/telaah/article/view/1683

Iqbal Jatmiko, M. (2019). Post-Truth, Media Sosial, dan Misinformasi: Pergolakan Wacana Politik Pemilihan Presiden Indonesia 2019. Jurnal Dakwah Tabligh, 20(1), 21–39.

Juwita, S. R. (2017). Tindak Tutur Ekspresif dan Komisif dalam Debat Calon Presiden Republik Indonesia 2014: Studi Analisis Wacana. Jurnal Eduscience, 3(1), 37–48.

Kaswanti Purwo, B. (1987). Pragmatik Wacana. Widyaparwa, 31, 45--63.

Kuntarto, E. (2018). Bahasa dan Kekuasaan Politik Oposan di Indonesia: Analisis Wacana Kritis. Jurnal Kiprah, 6(2), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.31629/kiprah.v6i2.860

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (3rd Editio). Sage Publications.

Noermanzah. (2019). Bahasa sebagai Alat Komunikasi, Citra Pikiran, dan Kepribadian. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Bulan Bahasa (SEMIBA), 306–319.

Purwanti, C. (2021). Peran Bahasa Dalam Komunikasi Politik. Jurnal Visi Komunikasi, 19(02), 192. https://doi.org/10.22441/visikom.v19i02.11391

Puspitasari, M. (2023). Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dalam Lirik Lagu Andmesh. Aleph, 87(1,2), 149–200. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/167638/341506.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y%0Ahttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/handle/1/8314/LOEBLEIN%2C LUCINEIA CARLA.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y%0Ahttps://antigo.mdr.gov.br/saneamento/proees

Rabiah, S. (2016). Ragam Bahasa Indonesia dalam Komunikasi Politik. The POLITICS: Jurnal Magister Ilmu Politik Universitas Hasanuddin, 2(1), 124.

Rani, A., Martutik, & Arifin, B. (2013). Analisis Wacana: Tinjauan Deskriptif (Setiyono Wahyudi (ed.)). Surya Pena Gemilang.

Safnil. (2010). Pengantar Analisis Retorika Teks. FKIP UNIB Press.

Santoso, A. (2008). Jejak Halliday dalam Linguistik Kritis dan Analisis Wacana Kritis. Bahasa Dan Seni, 36(11), 1–14. https://sastra.um.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/Jejak-Halliday-dalam-Linguistik-Kritis-dan-Analisis-Wacana-Kritis-Anang-Santoso.pdf

Setyawan, B. W., Hidayah, S. N., & Saddhono, K. (2023). Tindak Tutur Komisif Dalam Pementasan Ketoprak Lakon Rembulan Wungu: Analisis Sociopragmatik. SPHOTA: Jurnal Linguistik Dan Sastra, 15(2), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.36733/sphota.v15i2.6903

Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R & D. Alfabeta. https://www.academia.edu/118903676/Metode_Penelitian_Kuantitatif_Kualitatif_dan_R_and_D_Prof_Sugiono

Suhaebah, E., Sasangka, S. S. T. W., & Badru, S. (1996). Penyulihan sebagai Alat Kohesi dalam Wacana (A. Sya’rani (ed.)). Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa.

Suladi. (2015). Paragraf. In Pusat Pembinaan dan Pemasyarakatan Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Jakarta. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://badanbahasa.kemdikbud.go.id/lamanbahasa/sites/default/files/Buku%2520Penyuluhan%2520Paragraf.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjXreaR8qLiAhUITo8KHfZGBuUQFjAAegQIBRAC&usg=AOvVaw21cwVFASSKfBltvrLk4NBX

Sulistyarini, D. & Zainal, G. A. (2018). Buku Ajar Retorika (K. Ikhwan

(ed.)). CV. AA. RIZKY.

Suryawin, P. C., Wijaya, M., & Isnaini, H. (2022). Tindak Tutur (Speech Act) dan Implikatur dalam Penggunaan Bahasa. Sinar Dunia: Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora Dan Ilmu Pendidikan, 1(3), 34.

Suyitno, I. (2005). Proposisi Bentuk Kosong Dalam Wacana Slogan: Kajian Tindak Tutur Wacana Slogan. Humaniora, 17(3), 252–260. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.v17i3.850

Syamsuri, A. S. (2013). Bahasa Indonesia sebagai penghela ilmu pengetahuan wahana IPTEKS; pembentukan istilah sebagai salah satu usaha mewujudkannya. Kongres X Bahasa Indonesia, 1–14.

Taha, M., Iswary, E., Asad, D., Budaya, F. I., Hasanuddin, U., Kemerdekaan, J. P., & Indah, T. (2022). Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Deklaratif , Asertif , Komisif , dan Direktif dalam Berita Acara Pemeriksaan ( BAP ) Polda Maluku Utara Acts of Declarative , Assertive , Commissive , and Directive Illocutionary Speech in the Minutes of Investigation ( BAP ) of the N. Madah: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra., 13(1), 91–104. https://madah.kemdikbud.go.id/index.php/madah/article/view/437/359

Widyaningrum, H. K., & Hasanudin, C. (2019). Bentuk lokusi, ilokusi, dan perlokusi siswa dalam pembelajaran tematik. Bahastra, 39(2), 26. https://doi.org/10.26555/bahastra.v39i2.14161

Wiratno, T. (2018). Pengantar Ringkas Linguistik Sistemik Fungsional (1st ed.). Pustaka Pelajar.

Yodiansyah, H. (2017). Komunikasi Politik Media Surat Kabar Dalam Studi Pesan Realitas Politik Pada Media Cetak Riau Pos Dan Tribun Pekanbaru. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, 5(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkk.v5i1.8889

Yule, G. (1985). The Study of Language. Cambridge University Press.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26618/konfiks.v12i1.18622

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 JURNAL KONFIKS

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
Journal Konfiks is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.