Analisis Kualitas Air Menggunakan Metode Indeks Pencemaran di Danau Balang Tonjong Kota Makassar

Muh Haikal Ahram

Abstract


Danau Balang Tonjong, yang terletak di Kota Makassar, berfungsi sebagai kawasan resapan air dan budidaya. Namun, pertumbuhan subur eceng gondok yang terpantau di perairannya menunjukkan indikasi pencemaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kualitas air Danau Balang Tonjong dengan mengukur berbagai parameter pencemaran, termasuk Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), nitrit (NO₂), nitrat (NO₃), ammoniak (NH₃), fosfat (PO₄), dan Total Coliform. Metode indeks pencemaran digunakan untuk menganalisis data yang dikumpulkan dari delapan titik pengambilan sampel di sekitar danau, dengan tujuan mengklasifikasikan status pencemaran air berdasarkan parameter-parameter tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pencemaran yang signifikan di sebagian besar titik sampel, khususnya pada parameter TDS, COD, BOD, dan Total Coliform. Tingginya konsentrasi ini kemungkinan besar diakibatkan oleh aktivitas industri, domestik, pertanian, serta erosi tanah. Penyimpangan pada parameter tersebut menunjukkan penurunan kualitas air secara substansial. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menyoroti perlunya pengelolaan lingkungan yang lebih baik di Danau Balang Tonjong untuk menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem dan mengurangi dampak pencemaran terhadap kesehatan masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk memahami dampak jangka panjang dari pencemaran ini, terutama dalam konteks perubahan iklim dan peningkatan aktivitas manusia di sekitar danau. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya langkah-langkah mitigasi, seperti pembatasan polusi dari limbah domestik dan pertanian, serta pengelolaan kualitas air secara berkelanjutan melalui pemasangan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) di sekitar danau.

Keywords


Kualitas Air, Indeks Pencemaran, Danau Balang Tonjong, Parameter Pencemaran, Pengelolaan Lingkungan

Full Text:

PDF 89-99

References


R. H. Melo, "Socioeconomic Status, Lake Knowledge, and Community Participation in the Sustainable Lake Limboto Management, Gorontalo Regency," Journal of Water and Land Development, pp. 177-182, 2024, doi: 10.24425/jwld.2024.149119.

L. Muralikrishna, "Unveiling the Agricultural System's Water Pollution Perils: A Study in Thrissur and Palakkad Districts of Kerala, India," International Journal of Agriculture Extension and Social Development, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 374-376, 2024, doi: 10.33545/26180723.2024.v7.i4e.549.

S. Deng, "Investigating Flood Characteristics and Mitigation Measures in Plain-Type River-Connected Lakes: A Case Study of Poyang Lake," Water, vol. 16, no. 2, p. 281, 2024, doi: 10.3390/w16020281.

M. A. Siregar, "Analysis of Pollutant Index in Gunung Putri Pond, West Java Province, Indonesia," Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 1263, no. 1, p. 012041, 2023, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1263/1/012041.

A. Koswara, "Study of Monitoring Water Quality as Impact of Steam Power Plant (SPP) 3 X 10 MW Tanjung Enim Banko Operational Activities," Sriwijaya Journal of Environment, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 114-120, 2021, doi: 10.22135/sje.2021.6.3.114-120.

M. Aprilia, H. Effendi, and S. Hariyadi, "Water Quality Status Based on Pollution Index and Water Quality Index of Ciliwung River, DKI Jakarta Province," Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 1109, no. 1, p. 012051, 2022, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1109/1/012051.

R. Christiana, I. M. Anggraini, and H. Syahwanti, "Analisis Kualitas Air Dan Status Mutu Serta Beban Pencemaran Sungai Mahap Di Kabupaten Sekadau Kalimantan Barat," Jurnal Serambi Engineering, vol. 5, no. 2, 2020, doi: 10.32672/jse.v5i2.1921.

S. Afriani, S. Agustina, S. Karina, I. Irwan, and C. S. M. Kazrina, "The Assessment of Water Quality by STORET Method in the Northern Waters of Banda Aceh," Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 674, no. 1, p. 012062, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/674/1/012062.

M. K. Kadim, F. M. Sahami, and D. J. Hasiru, "Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Phytoplankton With Emphasis on the Harmful and Toxic Algae in the Limboto Lake," Tomini Journal of Aquatic Science, vol. 1, no. 2, 2020, doi: 10.37905/tjas.v1i2.7752.

W. L. Wang, Y. J. Wan, X. Y. Tang, and B. Liang, "Pollutants-Producing and Pollutants-Discharge Coefficients of Nitrogen and Phosphorous in Rural Domestic Sources in Taihu Lake Basin, China," Advanced Materials Research, vol. 955-959, pp. 1132-1142, 2014, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1132.

A. Topçu, "Evaluation of Some Management Strategies in Eutrophic Mogan Lake, Turkey: Phosphorus Mobility in the Sediment-Water Interface," Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 705-717, 2017, doi: 10.15666/aeer/1504_705717.

M. Gad et al., "Integration of Water Quality Indices and Multivariate Modeling for Assessing Surface Water Quality in Qaroun Lake, Egypt," Water, vol. 13, no. 16, p. 2258, 2021, doi: 10.3390/w13162258.

Z. Sun, Q. Huang, and T. Lotz, "Evolution of Flood Regulation Capacity for a Large Shallow Retention Lake: Characterization, Mechanism, and Impacts," Water, vol. 12, no. 10, p. 2853, 2020, doi: 10.3390/w12102853.

Q. Zhang, P. Sun, X. Chen, and T. Jiang, "Hydrological Extremes in the Poyang Lake Basin, China: Changing Properties, Causes and Impacts," Hydrological Processes, vol. 25, no. 20, pp. 3121-3130, 2011, doi: 10.1002/hyp.8031.

Z. Wu, D. Zhang, Y. Cai, X. Wang, L. Zhang, and Y. Chen, "Water Quality Assessment Based on the Water Quality Index Method in Lake Poyang: The Largest Freshwater Lake in China," Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, 2017, doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18285-y.

W. Setyaningsih and R. S. Sanjaya, "The Impact of Agricultural Waste on River Water Quality of Kreo Watershed in Semarang City," Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 1041, no. 1, p. 012083, 2022, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1041/1/012083.

A. G. Azhar, "Hematological Profile of Bader Fish (Barbonymus Altus) in the Brantas River, Blitar Region in Measurement of River Water Quality," Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Ipa, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 2786-2796, 2024, doi: 10.29303/jppipa.v10i5.4832.

V. Djoharam, E. Riani, and M. Yani, "Analisis kualitas air dan daya tampung beban pencemaran sungai pesanggrahan di wilayah provinsi DKI Jakarta," Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam Dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management), vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 127-133, 2018.

V. S. Kale, "Consequence of temperature, pH, turbidity and dissolved oxygen water quality parameters," International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 3, no. 8, pp. 186-190, 2016.

G. E. Adjovu, H. Stephen, D. James, and S. Ahmad, "Measurement of total dissolved solids and total suspended solids in water systems: A review of the issues, conventional, and remote sensing techniques," Remote Sensing, vol. 15, no. 14, p. 3534, 2023.

T. A. Daroini and A. Arisandi, "Analisis BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) di Perairan Desa Prancak Kecamatan Sepulu, Bangkalan," Juvenil: Jurnal Ilmiah Kelautan dan Perikanan, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 558-566, 2020.

M. Leatemia, S. Ch, and A. Jacob, "Analisis Dampak Penimbunan Limbah Ela Sagu Terhadap Kualitas air Sungai di Sekitar Lokasi Pengolahan Sagu di Desa Waisamu Kecamatan Kairatu Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat," Jurnal Budidaya Perairan, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 86-91, 2013.

M. E. E. Alahi and S. C. Mukhopadhyay, "Detection methods of nitrate in water: A review," Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, vol. 280, pp. 210-221, 2018.

W. A. E. Putri, A. I. S. Purwiyanto, F. Agustriani, and Y. Suteja, "Kondisi nitrat, nitrit, amonia, fosfat dan BOD di Muara Sungai Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan," Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 65-74, 2019.

M. Hibban, A. Rezagama, and P. Purwono, "Studi Penurunan Konsentrasi Amonia Dalam Limbah Cair Domestik Dengan Teknologi Biofilter Aerobmedia Tubular Plastik Pada Awal Pengolahan," Diponegoro University, 2016.

M. A. S. Jati, "Studi Kadar Fosfat (Total, Polifosfat dan Ortofosfat) pada Daerah Aliran Sungai Lamat Kecamatan Muntilan," Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 98-106, 2022.

R. Kurniati and P. Komala, "Zulkarnaini.(2021). Analisis Beban Pencemar Total Nitrogen dan Total Fosfat akibat Aktivitas Antropogenik di Danau Maninjau," Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 355-364, 2021.

M. S. P. Mokodompit, J. M. Umboh, and O. R. Pinontoan, "Uji Kualitas Air Danau berdasarkan Kandungan Escherichia Coli dan Total Coliform di Danau Mooat Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Timur Tahun 2019," KESMAS, vol. 9, no. 2, 2020.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26618/j-linears.v7i2.14234

Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Linears

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
Jurnal Linears is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Flag Counter

View My Stats