Tata Kelola Desa dalam Transisi: Jaringan Kolaboratif, Strategi Ruang, danPembangunan Berkelanjutan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26618/pfe5k022Keywords:
Tata Kelola Desa, Transisi, Pembangunan BerkelanjutanAbstract
Penelitian ini berfokus pada dinamika tata kelola desa dan pembangunan pedesaan dengan menyoroti urgensi transformasi menuju model tata kelola yang inklusif, transparan, kolaboratif, dan adaptif terhadap perubahan global. Latar belakang penelitian ini berangkat dari kenyataan bahwa desa di negara berkembang menghadapi tantangan serius, mulai dari kesenjangan pembangunan, dampak perubahan iklim, hingga kebutuhan digitalisasi tata kelola. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan bibliometrik dengan basis data Scopus serta dukungan perangkat analisis R-Studio Biblioshiny, VOSviewer, dan CiteSpace, yang memungkinkan pemetaan tren riset, jejaring kolaborasi akademik, evolusi tematik, serta arah pengembangan teori dan praktik tata kelola desa. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa digital governance, termasuk implementasi e-government dan program open data, memiliki potensi signifikan dalam meningkatkan transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan partisipasi warga, meskipun masih dihadapkan pada kendala berupa kualitas data yang tidak konsisten, resistensi birokrasi, dan keterbatasan literasi digital. Selain itu, tata kelola berbasis partisipasi dan kolaborasi lintas pemangku kepentingan terbukti memperkuat kohesi sosial, mengoptimalkan penggunaan modal sosial, dan meningkatkan efektivitas pembangunan lokal. Lebih jauh, integrasi tata kelola spasial dan pendekatan resilien sosial-ekologis berperan penting dalam memperkuat adaptasi pedesaan terhadap perubahan iklim dan urbanisasi, sementara pengembangan pariwisata pedesaan serta agrowisata membuka peluang strategis dalam mentransformasi sumber daya lokal menjadi nilai ekonomi yang berkelanjutan. Signifikansi penelitian ini terletak pada kebaruan model hibrid yang menggabungkan teknologi digital, modal sosial, dan tata kelola spasial-ekologis sebagai kerangka tata kelola pedesaan yang adaptif dan kontekstual. Secara teoritis, hasil penelitian memperkaya literatur mengenai tata kelola desa berkelanjutan, sedangkan secara praktis, penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi konkret bagi pembuat kebijakan dan pemangku kepentingan lokal untuk memperkuat kapasitas kelembagaan, mendorong keterlibatan warga, serta mengintegrasikan inovasi digital dalam pembangunan desa yang inklusif, resilien, dan berdaya saing jangka Panjang
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