Penentuan Trase Jalan Alternatif Bandar Udara Siboru Fakfak menggunakan Least Cost Path Analysis
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26618/pcx57q29
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Aksesibilitas dari kawasan perkotaan Fakfak menuju Bandar Udara Siboru saat ini masih belum efisien, yang ditunjukkan oleh waktu tempuh sekitar dua jam untuk jarak 35,6 km. Kondisi ini terutama disebabkan oleh tingginya hambatan samping pada rute eksisting. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan trase jalan alternatif melalui pendekatan spasial kuantitatif menggunakan metode Least Cost Path Analysis (LCPA) berbasis Geographic Information System (GIS). Penentuan jalur optimal dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan tiga variabel pembatas utama, yaitu kemiringan lereng, tutupan lahan, dan status kawasan hutan. Hasil pemodelan spasial menunjukkan bahwa trase alternatif terpilih memiliki panjang 26,70 km dan secara komputasional mampu menghindari lereng sangat curam serta kawasan konservasi cagar alam (0%), sekaligus meminimalkan intervensi terhadap kawasan permukiman hingga 2,33%. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi algoritma LCPA dengan pembatas konservasi tidak hanya menghasilkan efisiensi dalam perencanaan biaya konstruksi, tetapi juga efektif dalam meminimalkan potensi konflik tata ruang dan dampak kerusakan ekologis. Secara operasional, trase usulan berpotensi menurunkan waktu tempuh menjadi sekitar 45–60 menit. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini memberikan dasar yang kuat bagi perencanaan infrastruktur transportasi yang efisien, berkelanjutan, dan adaptif dalam mendukung pengembangan konektivitas multimoda di Papua Barat.
Kata kunci: aksesibilitas, Bandar Udara Siboru, konektivitas wilayah, Least Cost Path Analysis, Geographic Information System
ABSTRACT
Accessibility from the urban area of Fakfak to Siboru Airport is currently inefficient, as indicated by a travel time of approximately two hours for a distance of 35.6 km. This condition is primarily caused by high side friction along the existing route. This study aims to formulate an alternative road alignment using a quantitative spatial approach through the Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Least Cost Path Analysis (LCPA) method. The determination of the optimal route is based on three main constraint variables: slope, land cover, and forest area status. The spatial modeling results indicate that the selected alternative alignment has a total length of 26.70 km and is computationally capable of avoiding very steep slopes and protected nature reserve areas (0%), while minimizing intervention in residential areas to only 2.33%. These findings demonstrate that the integration of the LCPA algorithm with conservation constraints not only enhances efficiency in construction cost planning but also effectively reduces potential spatial conflicts and ecological degradation. Operationally, the proposed alignment has the potential to reduce travel time to approximately 45–60 minutes. Therefore, this study provides a robust foundation for planning efficient, sustainable, and adaptive transportation infrastructure to support the development of multimodal connectivity in West Papua.
Keywords: accessibility, Siboru Airport, regional connectivity, Least Cost Path Analysis, Geographic Information System
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