Rumah Subsidi Tumbuh: Studi Eksploratif Dampak Penambahan Ruang Terhadap Akses Pencahayaan Alami
Abstract
ABSTRAK: Urbanisasi yang cepat dan perumahan yang tidak memadai di Indonesia menjadi tantangan bagi pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDG) 11. Program perumahan bersubsidi bertujuan untuk menyediakan perumahan yang terjangkau bagi rumah tangga berpenghasilan rendah, tetapi perencanaan yang buruk dan ketersediaan lahan yang terbatas sering kali membatasi akses pencahayaan alami. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan solusi desain untuk pembangunan perumahan tambahan yang mengoptimalkan pencahayaan alami sekaligus memenuhi persyaratan spasial dan memastikan kenyamanan dan kesejahteraan penghuni. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran, penelitian ini mengintegrasikan eksplorasi kualitatif dan simulasi komputer. Tiga tahap dilakukan: persiapan (tinjauan literatur, wawancara pengembang, observasi lapangan), eksplorasi (analisis tapak, pengembangan desain 3D), dan simulasi (perangkat lunak DIALux untuk mengevaluasi pencahayaan alami berdasarkan standar SNI 6197:2020). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perluasan horizontal dan vertikal dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan pencahayaan alami sekaligus memenuhi kebutuhan ruang. Namun, area seperti dapur dan ruang keluarga mungkin masih membutuhkan pencahayaan buatan selama waktu-waktu tertentu. Studi ini menekankan pentingnya bukaan yang dirancang dengan baik dan ruang terbuka untuk mencapai pencahayaan alami yang optimal. Pendekatan pembangunan bertahap direkomendasikan untuk mengakomodasi kemampuan finansial penghuni. Penelitian ini memberikan panduan untuk desain perumahan yang terjangkau yang sesuai dengan standar kehidupan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian lebih lanjut harus meneliti dampak pencahayaan alami terhadap suhu dalam ruangan untuk mencegah kepanasan.
ABSTRAK: Rapid urbanization and inadequate housing in Indonesia challenge the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11. Subsidized housing programs aim to provide affordable housing for low-income households, but poor planning and limited land availability often restrict natural lighting access. The primary objective of this study is to develop design solutions for incremental housing development that optimize natural lighting while meeting spatial requirements and ensuring residents' comfort and well-being. Using a mixed-method approach, the research integrates qualitative exploration and computer simulations. Three stages are conducted: preparation (literature review, developer interviews, field observations), exploration (site analysis, 3D design development), and simulation (DIALux software to evaluate natural lighting based on SNI 6197:2020 standards). Results show that horizontal and vertical expansions can enhance natural lighting availability while fulfilling spatial needs. However, areas like kitchens and living rooms may still require artificial lighting during specific times. This study emphasizes the importance of well-designed openings and open spaces to achieve optimal natural lighting. A phased development approach is recommended to accommodate residents’ financial capabilities. This research provides guidelines for affordable housing design that aligns with sustainable living standards. Further research should examine the impact of natural lighting on indoor temperatures to prevent overheating.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26618/j-linears.v8i1.17238
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