Tinjauan Literatur: Informalitas Permukiman Informal Perkotaan

Andi Annisa Amalia, Ikaputra Ikaputra

Abstract


Permukiman informal seringkali berkembang menjadi struktur yang lebih formal namun sulit untuk diidentifikasi secara jelas. Hal ini disebabkan oleh prinsip informalitas belum sepenuhnya dipahami secara teoritis, terutama pada spasial. Dari sudut pandang teritorial, permukiman informal sering tidak terlihat dalam struktur kota formal, bahkan jalanannya tidak tercatat dalam peta formal. Untuk  memahami prinsip informalitas dalam proses perkembangan permukiman informal, langkah awal yang diperlukan adalah melakukan tinjauan literatur. Tujuan studi literatur dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan prinsip dasar informalitas dalam permukiman informal perkotaan. Metode penelusuran literatur informalitas permukiman informal menggunakan analisis bibliometrik, State of The Art, etimologi, teoretis dan studi kasus di beberapa negara wilayah global selatan sebagai referensi. Adapun hasil tinjauan literatur: 1) Analisis Bibliometrik Vosviewer menghasilkan lima klasterisasi yaitu informal settlement, informal settlements, housing, urban development dan urban morphology; 2) subyek permukiman informal erat dengan urbanisasi, informalitas, perubahan iklim, daerah terbangun dan hunian terjangkau; 3) lokus permukiman informal umumnya terkonsentrasi di pusat kota, bangunan hunian, slum, squater, dan negara berkembang; 4) Informalitas permukiman informal perkotaan muncul dan tumbuh secara generatif melalui pengorganisasian mandiri dan kumpulan adaptif sebagai strategi bermukim, berkembang dengan spontan, tidak terdaftar dan ilegal; 5) Mode produksi permukiman informal adalah irregular (sporadis), inferior, insecure (tidak terjamin), illegal (ilegal), insurgent (perlawanan), incremental (inkremental) dan improvisation (improvisasi). Informalitas dalam permukiman informal diawali dengan urbanisasi informal, mencakup praktik-praktik spasial permukiman yang berasal dari ide dan inisiatif para pemukim. Secara teknis terbentuk di luar jangkauan peraturan, tidak terkendali dan tidak terencana.

Keywords


Informalitas, Ilegal, Permukiman, Spontan, Tidak Terdaftar

Full Text:

PDF

References


D. Pojani, "The self-built city: theorizing urban design of informal settlements," Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 294-313, 2019.

J. F. Turner, "Housing by people: Towards autonomy in building environments," (No Title), 1976.

B. Tellman, H. Eakin, and B. Turner, "Identifying, projecting, and evaluating informal urban expansion spatial patterns," Journal of Land Use Science, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 100-112, 2022.

F. Moatasim, "Informality materialised: Long‐term temporariness as a mode of informal urbanism," Antipode, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 271-294, 2019.

H. Kamalipour, "Mapping urban interfaces: A typology of public/private interfaces in informal settlements," Spaces and Flows: An International Journal of Urban and ExtraUrban Studies, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1-12, 2017.

G. C. Douglas, "The formalities of informal improvement: technical and scholarly knowledge at work in do-it-yourself urban design," Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 117-134, 2016.

J. C. Turner, "Barriers and channels for housing development in modernizing countries," Journal of the American institute of planners, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 167-181, 1967.

J. Brugman Alvarez, "Understanding formal and informal relationships in settlement upgrading for planning just and inclusive cities: the case of Phnom Penh, Cambodia," 2019.

G. Shatkin, "Planning to forget: Informal settlements as' forgotten places' in globalising Metro Manila," in Globalisation and the Politics of Forgetting: Routledge, 2018, pp. 175-190.

C. McFarlane, "Sanitation in Mumbai's informal settlements: State,‘slum’, and infrastructure," Environment and planning A, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 88-107, 2008.

D. Gouverneur, Planning and design for future informal settlements: shaping the self-constructed city. Routledge, 2014.

N. Suhartini and P. Jones, "Better understanding self-organizing cities: A typology of order and rules in informal settlements," Journal of Regional and City Planning, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 237-263, 2020.

A. Roy, "Why India cannot plan its cities: Informality, insurgence and the idiom of urbanization," Planning theory, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 76-87, 2009.

K. Dovey, "Informal urbanism and complex adaptive assemblage," International Development Planning Review, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 349-368, 2012.

D. Tunas, "The spatial economy in the urban informal settlement," 2008: Internation Forum on Urbanism.

W. Pan, G. Ghoshal, C. Krumme, M. Cebrian, and A. Pentland, "Urban characteristics attributable to density-driven tie formation," Nature communications, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 1961, 2013.

L. Wirth, "" Urbanism as a Way of Life": From American Journal of Sociology (1938)," in The Urban Sociology Reader: Routledge, 2012, pp. 32-41.

L. Wirth, "Urbanism as a Way of Life," American journal of sociology, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 1-24, 1938.

M. Huchzermeyer, A. Karam, and M. Maina, "Informal settlements," Changing space, changing city: Johannesburg after apartheid, pp. 154-75, 2014.

P. Leavy, Research design: Quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, arts-based, and community-based participatory research approaches. Guilford Publications, 2022.

A. Duran-Sanchez, J. Alvarez García, M. d. l. C. Del Río-Rama, and V. Ratten, "Trends and changes in the International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research: A bibliometric review," International journal of entrepreneurial behavior & research, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 1494-1514, 2019.

A. D. Sánchez, M. d. l. C. Del Río, and J. Á. García, "Bibliometric analysis of publications on wine tourism in the databases Scopus and WoS," European Research on Management and Business Economics, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 8-15, 2017.

I. Zupic and T. Čater, "Bibliometric methods in management and organization," Organizational research methods, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 429-472, 2015.

A. Roy, "Strangely familiar: Planning and the worlds of insurgence and informality," Planning Theory, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 7-11, 2009.

C. McFarlane, "Rethinking informality: Politics, crisis, and the city," Planning Theory & Practice, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 89-108, 2012.

K. Dovey and H. Kamalipour, "Informal/formal morphologies," in Mapping urbanities: Routledge, 2017, pp. 223-248.

R. P. Lejano and C. Del Bianco, "The logic of informality: Pattern and process in a São Paulo favela," Geoforum, vol. 91, pp. 195-205, 2018.

I. Steiler, "What’s in a word? The conceptual politics of ‘informal’street trade in Dar es Salaam," Articulo-Journal of Urban Research, no. 17-18, 2018.

L. N. Lata, "The production of counter-space: Informal labour, social networks and the production of urban space in Dhaka," Current Sociology, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 1159-1177, 2023.

A. Mengist, "Urban sprawl and informal settlements in Wolkite town, Central Ethiopia," Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 15-23, 2018.

M. Arefi and M. Arefi, "Informal Settlements and Urban Management in Iran," Learning from Informal Settlements in Iran: Models, Policies, Processes, and Outcomes, pp. 23-37, 2018.

A. Fallatah, S. Jones, D. Mitchell, and D. Kohli, "Mapping informal settlement indicators using object-oriented analysis in the Middle East," International journal of digital earth, 2018.

E. Zied Abozied and A. Vialard, "Reintegrating informal settlements into the Greater Cairo Region of Egypt through the regional highway network," Regional Studies, Regional Science, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 333-345, 2020.

D. Pojani, "Urban form of informal settlements in the Western Balkans," in Informality through sustainability: Routledge, 2020, pp. 277-292.

M. M. Arif, M. Ahsan, O. Devisch, and Y. Schoonjans, "Integrated Approach to explore multidimensional urban morphology of informal settlements: The case studies of Lahore, Pakistan," Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 13, p. 7788, 2022.

D. Diakité, A. Royer, D. Rousselière, and L. Tamini, "Formal and informal governance mechanisms of machinery cooperatives: The case of Quebec," Journal of Co-Operative Organization and Management, vol. 10, no. 2, p. 100181, 2022.

P. Mishra, G. Sridhar, and T. Jain, "Shopper's attitude and demographics influence on store patronage-a comparison of formal vs. informal food retail stores in India," International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 203-218, 2015.

H. Kamalipour, "Forms of informality and adaptations in informal settlements," International Journal of Architectural Research (ArchNet-IJAR), vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 60-75, 2016.

N. Peimani and H. Kamalipour, "Informal street vending: a systematic review," Land, vol. 11, no. 6, p. 829, 2022.

D. A. Morand, "The role of behavioral formality and informality in the enactment of bureaucratic versus organic organizations," Academy of management review, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 831-872, 1995.

M. S. Laguerre, The informal city. Springer, 2016.

N. J. Habraken, A. Mignucci, and J. Teicher, Conversations with form: a workbook for students of architecture. Routledge, 2014.

M. Chen, "Informality and social protection: Theories and realities," IDS bulletin, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 18-27, 2008.

N. G. Canclini, "A culture of informality," Urban studies, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 488-493, 2019.

I. Eko Sofiyantono, "Arahan sistem desain pedagang kaki lima di Jalan Malioboro-Yogyakarta," Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/19788

K. Dovey and R. King, "Informal urbanism and the taste for slums," in Tourism and Geographies of Inequality: Routledge, 2016, pp. 81-99.

C. Elgin, M. A. Kose, F. Ohnsorge, and S. Yu, "Understanding informality," 2021.

K. Marnane, "An architecture of informality: the physical and social environment of two informal settlements in Ahmedabad, India," 2021.

J. F. Turner, "Uncontrolled urban settlement: problems and policies," Ekistics, pp. 120-122, 1967.

N. K. Thinh and Y. Gao, "Understanding the informal morphology of villages-in-the-city: A case study in Hanoi city, Vietnam," Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 23, p. 13136, 2021.

A. Tostensen, "Reconsidering Informality: Perspectives from Urban Africa," ed: Wiley Online Library, 2005.

A. R. C. Cavalcanti, "Work, slums, and informal settlement traditions: Architecture of the Favela Do Telegrafo," Traditional dwellings and settlements review, pp. 71-81, 2017.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.26618/j-linears.v7i1.14344

Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Linears

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
Jurnal Linears is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Flag Counter

View My Stats