Pendidikan Fisika The Effect of E-Learning Application through the Use of Whatsapp -Assisted Edmodo on the Students’ Learning Outcomes in the Concept of Sound Waves

– This study aims to find out the students’ learning outcomes in the application of e-learning through the use of WhatsApp-assisted Edmodo in the concept of sound waves. In addition, students' responses to the treatments given were also observed for the sake of evaluation. This research used a quasi-experimental research design carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Gorontalo in the even semester of the 2019/2020 academic year. The subject of the research was class XI IPA 8 consisting of 20 students. Tests were administered to students to obtain data of the students’ learning outcomes. The data collected were then analyzed by using normality test and statistical t-test. Based on the research results, it is known that the t-value (5.53) is greater than the t-table (1.72), so H 0 is accepted and H 1 is rejected. It means that there is a significant positive effect of using whatsApp-assisted edmodo on learning outcomes in the concept of sound waves. It can be seen from the difference of mean score between the pretest and posttest scores of the experimental class. Therefore, it can be concluded that the increase in students’ learning outcomes on the concept of sound waves is in the strong effect category.


I. INTRODUCTION
Educators have an important role in shaping human resources to become more qualified, so that learning in the mastery of science and technology must be better. In the learning process, there are two important things that support a quality of learning, namely methods and media. The position of learning methods and media is closely related because the main function of learning media is as a teaching aid that supports the use of learning methods used by educators. Currently the e-learning program is a hot discussion topic among educators, parents and students due to conditions and circumstances that demand the presence of elearning. According to Rusli et al. (2017), elearning is student-centered learning using electronic media or learning based on information technology or multimedia.
Since the Covid-19 pandemic that occurred around the world, all teachers have been required to carry out learning activities from home. E-learning is one that is required in the world of education from elementary to tertiary level. In general, universities have an their own e-learning system, but the activities are very limited. Gorontalo State University has been using its e-learning system through SIAT. The Covid-19 emergency response requires lecturers and students to study and carry out online learning (Arota et al., 2020).
The use of e-learning as technology also needs a plan to be able to carry out effective learning and improve students' learning outcomes. The atmosphere of e-learning will force students to play a more active role in learning because e-learning requires students to look for other learning materials or resources with their own efforts and initiatives.
The emergence of e-learning shows the various kinds of online learning media used by teachers such as google classroom, schoology, edmodo and others. Of the various kinds of learning media that exist, the writer is more interested in using edmodo as an elearning medium. Edmodo is one of the elearning media in Indonesia. It is an interactive media which is equipped with communication facilities for students and educators, among educators, and parents to be connecter each other as well as other learning resources that can be accessed by students.
Edmodo is described as using a social networking concept that resembles Facebook, so that this system has features similar to Facebook, and even almost everyone says that Edmodo is the Facebook for educational purposes. Kamarga (2011) claimed that edmodo is designed to be school-based to support the learning process. Apart from social networking among its users, edmodo is equipped with several learning activities, such as quizzes, assignments, polls, grade books, libraries, award badges, and parent code. For teaching materials, edmodo supports teaching materials in the form of files and links.
The problem around us is that the use of gadgets as information technology is

II. METHODS
The research method used in this study was an experimental method with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Through this design, a pretest was distributed before giving treatment and posttest after giving treatment.
This research design is shown in table 1 below.     Table 3 shows the calculation of the hypothesis testing, and it is obtained that t count > t table for the level α = 0.05. Then H 0 is accepted and H 1 is rejected. Thus, the application of e-learning on the use of Whatsapp-assisted Edmodo has a significant positive effect on students' learning outcomes on the concept of sound waves.

Effect Size
To see the effect size of learning outcomes in the e-learning through the use of Whatsapp-assisted Edmodo, the researchers used an essay test of 11 questions with 6 indicators. The effect size can be considered as a measurement of the meaning of a study.
Based on the data analysis of the pretest and posttest results at the beginning and at the end of the meeting, the average score of students' learning outcomes tests and the effect size can be seen in table 4 below. From table 4, it can be known that the use of WhatsApp assisted Edmodo improved the students' learning outcomes with an average pretest or before treatment value of 43.25 and a posttest or after treatment value of 68.83 with an effect size value of 1.56 (Strong effect) category. The effect size value for each level of cognitive qustions can be seen in figure 1 below.

B. Discussion
This research, which was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo, aiming to see the effect of using edmodo assisted by WhatsApp on students' learning outcomes.
This research provides an alternative in teaching and learning activities between teachers and students in the current Covid-19 pandemic state which requires learning from home. This distance e-learning requires internet facilities as the main factor for the smooth running of e-learning, According to Yazdi (2013), e-learning is a form of distance learning that uses electronic circuits such as the internet to convey learning content, interaction or guidance to students.
In its implementation, e-learning also requires a media or better known as a platform that can support the implementation of e-learning itself. One of the platforms that can be used in the e-learning process is edmodo. Edmodo is a positive learning environment that provides a path for interaction among students and educators in an academic atmosphere (Vera & Nilam, 2019 (2015) also suggested that using Edmodo has many challenges and good potential in learning.

A. Conclusion
Based on the results of the research and data analysis, it can be concluded that there is a significant positive effect of the use of WhatsApp-assisted Edmodo on the students' learning outcomes. This influence is shown through the criteria for testing the hypothesis which is greater than the t- 2. Providing more interactive learning will bring a more enjoyable learning atmosphere and is well absorbed by students.
3. Students must be given the freedom to explore other learning sources.