Equilibrium: Journal of Education with Print ISSN: 2339-2401 and Online ISSN: 2477-0221 is a peer-reviewed journal for the publication of scientific articles in the fields of education and sociology. It is an open access journal that aims to provide a forum for researchers, lecturers, teachers, practitioners, and students from around the world. The scope of publication of the Equilibrium journal is in the fields of education, social and cultural issues; current contextual issues as pure and applied science; research results (qualitative, ethnography, phenomenology, case studies), assessment and development of theses/dissertations/research results that have not been published in other media. The Equilibrium Education Journal has collaborated with the Association of Sociology and Anthropology Education Study Programs of Indonesia (APPSANTI). The Equilibrium Journal is published by the Sociology Education Study Program, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, and is published periodically three times a year: January, May, September. Accredited and Nationally Certified by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia (No.79/E/KPT/2023)
Dengan diterimanya artikel oleh Tim Editor Equilibrium : Jurnal Pendidikan (p-ISSN: 2339-2401, e-ISSN: 2477-0221) dan adanya keputusan untuk menerbitkan artikel tersebut, maka hak cipta tentang artikel ini akan dialihkan ke Equilibrium Jurnal Pendidikan (p-ISSN: 2339-2401, e-ISSN: 2477-0221). Program Studi Pendidikan Sosiologi, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar memegang hak cipta mengenai semua artikel yang diterbitkan dalam jurnal ini. Selain itu Equilibrium Jurnal Pendidikan (p-ISSN: 2339-2401, e-ISSN: 2477-0221) memiliki hak untuk memperbanyak dan mendistribusikan artikel dan setiap penulis tidak diperbolehkan untuk menerbitkan artikel yang sama yang dimuat di jurnal ini. Surat Pernyataan Keaslian Artikel dan Hak Cipta Naskah dapat anda unduh : di sini Setelah mengisi dengan lengkap surat pernyataan tersebut, silahkan anda kirimkan lewat e-mail ke alamat : jurnalsosiologi@unismuh.ac.id
Meta Narrative Review of Indonesian Homeschooling in the Digital Era
Homeschooling in Indonesia has developed from a marginal family-based practice into a legally recognized alternative pathway within the national education system. Yet research on its legality, pedagogy, digital mediation, and child development remains dispersed across different disciplines. Objective: This article synthesizes Indonesian homeschooling scholarship through a meta-narrative systematic review to identify the main research traditions, their assumptions, and their implications for policy and practice. Methods: Following RAMESES-oriented principles, literature published between 2014 and 2024 was searched in Google Scholar Indonesia, Garuda, SINTA, and related indexed sources using Indonesian and English keywords. Twelve Indonesia-focused studies were selected and mapped by focus, method, narrative tradition, and key findings. Findings: Three dominant narratives emerged: legal-administrative studies emphasize recognition, equivalence examinations, and PKBM procedures; socio-digital studies highlight ICT-supported autonomous learning and learning hubs; and psychological-developmental studies foreground flexibility, parental roles, agency, and well-being. Conclusion: Homeschooling offers adaptive learning but requires assessment models that protect autonomy while ensuring accountable quality.
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Automated Tri Dharma Quality Assessment for Academic Accreditation Using Qwen, Mistral, and DeepSeek
Internal Quality Audit (AMI) is critical for Indonesian higher-education accreditation, yet study programs still score 60+ indicators manually by cross-referencing a 200-page Self-Evaluation Report (LED) and a 50-sheet Study Program Performance Report (LKPS), a process that takes 3–5 days per program and varies between assessors. This study develops an automated quality-assessment agent that ingests both documents and benchmarks three open-weight Large Language Models, Qwen 3.5 35B, DeepSeek-R1 32B, and Mistral-Small 3.2 24B, on 19 LAM-Teknik indicators sampled across all nine accreditation criteria (9 qualitative, 6 quantitative, 4 composite). The reference scores are taken from the certified human assessor's official record produced during the program's 2024 post-audit cycle. The results show that Qwen 3.5 attains the lowest MAE (0.605) and RMSE (0.769) with 100% within ±1 accuracy and 32.5 s per indicator; DeepSeek-R1 is the most cautious but the slowest (MAE 1.395; 79.9 s) and collapses on quantitative items (MAE 2.17); Mistral is the fastest (13.6 s).
Contestation of the Young Group of Indigenous Forest Guardians in Manurung Village, East Luwu, South Sulawesi (A Political Ecology Review)
This article reviews the role of political ecology of young people in Cerekang Village who are part of the Cerekang Indigenous people. The Cerekang Indigenous People are an area that lives around the Cerekang river and Pismiaoni Hill, Manurung Luwu Village, East South Sulawesi. The Cerekang youth group that joined the Pejuang Muda Wija To Cerekang (PMWTC) has been contesting in its role in protecting the environment and customary territories from the destruction of the mining industry and the conversion of land into ponds within the framework of political ecology. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with PMWTC youth informants, heads of customary institutions, and local communities selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis is carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. This article finds that the contestation of the Cerekang youth group is classified as a political ecological role that is consciously actively involved in organizing and maintaining customary forest areas in the form of spatial emancipation, transformative participation, and ecological schools. In terms of novelty, this research provides a framework for understanding the political role of indigenous youth based on environmental awareness. Thus, political ecology with a direct demonstration of traditional values that position themselves as the vanguard of the guardian of customary forest areas from the threat of massive and extractive environmental damage.
The Use of Prehistoric Cave Animation Videos as a Learning Media Based on Critical Thinking Skills
This study aims to examine in depth the effectiveness of using prehistoric cave painting animation videos as a learning medium in enhancing students’ critical thinking skills, active engagement, and understanding of cultural context in art education at the secondary school level. The study employed a mixed-method approach involving 20 students who were purposively selected as participants. Data were collected through observations, written tests, and in-depth interviews to obtain a comprehensive understanding of both the learning process and outcomes. The analysis was conducted using the Conceptual Framework (artist, artwork, world, and audience), The Four Frames (subjectivity, cultural, structural, and postmodern), and Cognitive Load Theory to understand the dynamics of students’ cognitive processes. The results indicate a significant improvement in students’ analytical writing skills, classroom engagement, and understanding of cultural values embedded in artworks. In addition, students demonstrated stronger critical reflection and a high level of cognitive retention. These findings confirm that animation-based learning is effective not only as a visual medium but also as an integrative pedagogical approach.
The Implementation of Project-Based Learning Through a Cooperative Approach to Improve Student Activity and Learning Outcomes
This study adopted the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model with a cooperative approach in order to enhance student participation and learning achievement. The research was conducted at SMKN 1 Patumbak, involving all 35 students from class XI AKL 1. The method employed was Classroom Action Research (CAR), which was structured into two cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection phases. Data were collected using student learning activity observation sheets and learning outcome test instruments. The research findings revealed that the application of the cooperative-based PjBL model was able to encourage students to keep progressing over time. This model proved effective, as reflected in the surge of learning activity percentage from 65% in the first cycle to 88% in the second cycle. Student learning outcomes also showed considerable improvement, marked by the pre-test average score of 68.2 which rose to 75.8 in the first cycle, then increased again to 86.7 in the second cycle. Furthermore, classical learning completeness also experienced a jump from 34% to reaching 91%.
Stakeholders’ Perception On Civic-Education Practices Of Upper Basic Students In Kwara, Nigeria
The study investigated stakeholders’ perception on civic-education practices of upper-basic students in Kwara, Nigeria. The design for the study was a descriptive survey, A total of 391 participants were selected using simple random sampling, comprising 107 teachers, 256 students, and 28 parents and community leaders, ensuring a representative sample across public and private schools and a diversity of educational qualifications and experiences. The study employed multistage sampling techniques. Data were collected using a researcher-designed questionnaire, Stakeholders’ Perception of Civic Education Practices in Upper Basic Schools Questionnaire (SPCEPSQ), consisting of two sections: demographic information and 15 items assessing perceptions of civic education and its impact on student engagement. Findings of the study revealed among others that; majority of teachers in Kwara agree that Civic Education enhances student engagement, highlighting its perceived value in fostering civic responsibility and participation; parents believed that the subject promotes responsibility and active participation, administrators affirm that it fosters discipline and social awareness. The study concludes that, there is urgent need for multi-level reforms aimed at strengthening the implementation of Civic Education such as specialized teacher training, adoption of learner-centered pedagogies, curriculum modernization, and stronger policy frameworks backed by sufficient resources and political will
A Bibliometric Analysis of Trends, Research Focus, and Research Development on E-Modules as Learning Media in Education
This study aims to analyze publication trends, research focus, and the development of e-module research as learning media in the field of education through a bibliometric approach. Data were obtained from the Scopus database, with a total of 83 open-access English-language articles from the period 2015–2024 analyzed using Biblioshiny. The analysis results indicate that publication trends have experienced a significant increase, particularly during the period 2022–2024. In terms of research focus, the conceptual structure is dominated by the themes of e-learning, education, and human interaction, which reflects the role of e-modules as learning media in the context of educational technology. Meanwhile, the topics of e-modules, critical thinking, and problem-based learning were identified as emerging themes, indicating that e-module research is still in a strengthening phase and has not yet fully become mainstream in research. From the developmental perspective, the study shows an increase in global research contributions involving various countries, with dominant contributions coming from Indonesia. Overall, the findings of this study affirm that research on e-modules as learning media is in a developmental phase with great potential for further investigation, particularly in strengthening the position of e-modules as learning media in technology-based educational research.
Divorce in Balinese Customary Law and the Social Dynamics of Women
Divorce in the Balinese indigenous people is not only understood as the end of a conjugal relationship, but also as part of the social dynamics governed by customary law and the patrilineal kinship system. This research aims to understand divorce as a social process within the framework of Balinese customary law and examine the social dynamics experienced by women after divorce. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation of women who have experienced divorce, and supported by information from families, communities, and traditional leaders. The results of the study show that the practice of divorce in Balinese customary law is not entirely in the personal realm, but involves social control through the family and customary institutions. Women tend to experience changes in social position, social pressure, labeling, and changes in social relations in the family, society, and with children after divorce. The social relations that are formed are not entirely equal, because women are in a more vulnerable position in the social structure. These findings show that customary law not only serves as a mechanism for conflict resolution, but also serves as a space for the reproduction of gender inequality in society. Keywords: Divorce; Balinese Customary Law; Women's Social Relations; Gender Inequality
The Role of Islamic Religious Counselors as Agents of Change in Community Empowerment in Enrekang Regency
This research is motivated by the importance of the role of Islamic Religious Counselors as agents of change in community empowerment, which until now has tended to be understood normatively and has not been studied in depth from a social perspective. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic Religious Counselors in community empowerment in Enrekang Regency. Theoretically, this research benefits from enriching sociological studies, while practically, it serves as evaluation material for policy makers. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design conducted at the Ministry of Religious Affairs Office in Enrekang Regency for three months. The main instrument is the researcher with the support of interview guidelines, observation, and documentation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation using primary and secondary data sources. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman model, while data validity is tested through triangulation and member checking. The results show that Islamic Religious Counselors play a role as facilitators, mediators, and motivators in community empowerment through a participatory and contextual approach. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of strengthening the capacity of counselors and institutional support to increase the effectiveness of their role in encouraging sustainable social change.
The Influence of Education Level on Community Migration Patterns in Border Areas
Inequalities in access to education in border regions remain a challenge that can affect population mobility and regional development dynamics. Limited infrastructure, a shortage of teaching staff, and the uneven distribution of learning facilities make it difficult for communities to obtain adequate educational services in their home regions. This study aims to identify the relationship between educational attainment and population mobility in border regions, analyze the educational factors driving migration, and explain the mobility patterns resulting from disparities in educational access across regions. The method employed is a literature review of seven primary sources selected based on publication period, credibility, and topic relevance. The analysis was conducted thematically and descriptively. The results indicate that limited access to education serves as a push factor, while the availability of facilities and social support in the destination region act as pull factors, with mobility patterns that can be either internal or cross-border. The study recommends strengthening educational facilities, scholarships, and cross-border partnerships as strategies for managing mobility.
Effectiveness of Universal Design for Learning on Academic Engagement and Emotional Regulation of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder
This study examines the effectiveness of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) implementation on academic engagement and emotional regulation of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in inclusive elementary schools. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest design without a control group was employed. Eight students with ASD in inclusive classrooms were selected through purposive sampling. The UDL intervention was implemented over five weeks applying the principles of multiple means of engagement, representation, and action and expression. Data were collected using observational scales of academic engagement (adapted from Fredricks et al., 2019) and the Emotional Regulation Checklist (Shields & Cicchetti, 1997). Paired sample t-tests and Cohen's d effect size were used for analysis. Normality tests confirmed normal data distribution (p > .05). Significant improvements were found in academic engagement (t(7) = 5.21, p < .001, d = 1.20) and emotional regulation (t(7) = 4.87, p < .001, d = 1.10) following UDL implementation, both with large effect sizes. These findings suggest that UDL is effective in enhancing academic engagement and emotional regulation of students with ASD in inclusive settings, providing important implications for developing adaptive inclusive education practices in Indonesia.
Economic and Sociocultural Barriers to the Continuation of Studies of Indigenous Papuan Students at Musamus University
This study aims to explore the external barriers faced by Papuan students at Musamus University in completing their studies. The phenomenon of low academic performance and high dropout rates forms the backdrop for this research. Using a descriptive qualitative method over a three-year period, data were collected through observation, distribution of questionnaires, and in-depth interviews with students. The results indicate that students face multidimensional, interrelated external barriers. First, family financial instability forces students to work, live with relatives in overcrowded housing far from campus, commute on foot, and neglect safety and health to save on living expenses. Second, learning disruptions impact concentration levels and lead to inefficiencies in academic activities outside of class hours. This burden is particularly severe for female students due to domestic responsibilities and child-rearing duties. Third, low family educational literacy results in a lack of social control and financial, functional, and emotional support for students. This study recommends policy synergy through the provision of student dormitories, integrated transportation, and psychosocial support programs to create a more adaptive educational ecosystem for indigenous Papuan students.
The Pressure of Religious Idealism and the Mental Health of Islamic Education Students: A Phenomenological Study in the Social Media Era
The development of social media has created a new space in the formation of religious identity among young people, including students of Islamic Religious Education (PAI). In the digital space, religiosity is not only practiced personally but also displayed as a representation of identity that can be observed and evaluated by the public. This condition has the potential to create pressure for religious ideality, especially for PAI students who are often perceived as moral representatives and symbols of religiosity in society. This study aims to explore the subjective experiences of PAI students in facing the pressure of religious ideality formed through social media dynamics and its implications for mental health. This study uses a qualitative approach with the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) method. The research participants consisted of five active students from the Islamic Religious Education Study Program, class of 2023, selected through purposive sampling techniques.Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, limited observation, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted thematically through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions to understand the meaning of participants' religious experiences. The results of the study indicate that the pressure of religious idealism on Islamic education students arises through three main dimensions: the demand to be a religious role model, the obligation to maintain a religious image in social interactions and digital media, and fear of social judgment. This pressure produces psychological impacts such as moral anxiety, overthinking, religious identity conflicts, and mental fatigue. However, some students are able to manage this pressure through the internalization of religious values and spiritual practices that function as coping mechanisms. In this context, social media plays an ambivalent role as a source of religious inspiration as well as a space for social comparison that can reinforce religious pressure. The findings of this study affirm that the pressure of religious idealism on PAI students is a phenomenon influenced by the interaction between personal religiosity, social expectations, and digital culture.
The Axiological Dimension Of Emotional Development In Modern Education
This study explores the pedagogical potential of the axiological approach in developing students’ emotional intelligence within contemporary educational environments. The relevance of the research is обусловлена the growing need to humanize education and to integrate value-based learning with students’ emotional and social development. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations of the emotional–value approach and to determine its effectiveness in fostering emotional awareness, self-regulation, empathy, and value-oriented behavior among students.mThe research methodology includes theoretical analysis, comparative synthesis, and interpretative review of contemporary pedagogical and psychological literature on emotional intelligence and value-based education. The findings demonstrate that the integration of axiological principles into the educational process significantly enhances students’ emotional competence by linking cognitive learning with moral values and personal meaning. Value-oriented pedagogical environments promote reflective thinking, emotional responsibility, and socially constructive behavior. The study concludes that the effective development of emotional intelligence requires a holistic value-centered pedagogical framework. The axiological approach serves as a productive methodological basis for harmonizing emotional, cognitive, and moral dimensions of student development in modern education.
Transformation of Understanding of Sexuality in High School Sociology Textbooks in Indonesia
The increasing cases of sexual violence, harassment, and gender-based bullying among adolescents raise questions about the extent to which sexuality education has been integrated into the formal education system. As one of the primary learning resources, textbooks play an important role in shaping students’ understanding of sexuality and social relations. However, the representation of sexuality in school textbooks remains relatively underexplored. This study aims to analyze the representation and transformation of sexuality discourse in Indonesian senior high school sociology textbooks across three curriculum periods: the School-Based Curriculum (KTSP), the 2013 Curriculum, and the Merdeka Curriculum. This research employs a qualitative approach using content analysis of 18 senior high school sociology textbooks to identify how sexuality is represented within the contexts of sexual violence, gender relations, and social deviance. The findings indicate that discussions of sexuality in textbooks remain limited and are generally positioned as a minor part of the topic of social deviance. Sexual violence is mostly presented in a descriptive manner without comprehensive discussion of its psychosocial impacts or preventive strategies. This study contributes by demonstrating how textbook discourse reproduces a limited understanding of sexuality and highlights the importance of integrating more comprehensive sexuality education into sociology learning materials.
Kebutuhan Palsu dalam Masyarakat Konsumtif: Kritik Terhadap llusi Kebahagiaan Iklan Media Sosial
Abstrak. Perkembangan media sosial sebagai bagian dari kemajuan teknologi digital telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam pola konsumsi masyarakat modern. Media sosial tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai sarana komunikasi, tetapi juga menjadi ruang strategis bagi industri dalam membangun makna tentang kebahagiaan, kesuksesan, dan gaya hidup ideal melalui iklan digital. Iklan yang disajikan secara intens, visual, dan persuasif cenderung mengaitkan kebahagiaan dengan kepemilikan barang serta kemampuan mengikuti tren yang sedang berkembang. Kondisi ini mendorong terbentuknya budaya konsumtif, di mana kebutuhan individu tidak lagi sepenuhnya bersumber dari kebutuhan nyata, melainkan dibentuk oleh pengaruh media dan kepentingan pasar.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana iklan media sosial membentuk kebutuhan palsu dan menciptakan ilusi kebahagiaan dalam masyarakat konsumtif dengan menggunakan perspektif kritis Herbert Marcuse. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur. Data diperoleh melalui penelaahan terhadap berbagai sumber ilmiah, seperti buku, artikel jurnal, dan hasil penelitian terdahulu yang relevan dengan teori kebutuhan palsu, industri budaya, serta kajian masyarakat konsumtif. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif-kritis dengan menginterpretasikan dan mensintesis gagasan-gagasan utama dari literatur yang dikaji. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa iklan media sosial berperan penting dalam membentuk kebutuhan palsu dengan cara menanamkan anggapan bahwa kebahagiaan dan keberhasilan hidup dapat dicapai melalui konsumsi produk tertentu. Media sosial, melalui algoritma dan strategi pemasaran digital, secara halus mengarahkan keinginan individu sehingga pilihan konsumsi seolah-olah muncul secara bebas, padahal telah dikonstruksi oleh sistem kapitalisme lanjut. Fenomena ini juga berkontribusi pada terbentuknya manusia satu dimensi, yaitu individu yang cenderung kehilangan daya kritis dan menerima realitas konsumtif tanpa refleksi mendalam.Selain berdampak pada pola konsumsi, ilusi kebahagiaan yang dibangun melalui iklan media sosial turut memengaruhi kondisi psikologis dan sosial masyarakat. Tekanan untuk mengikuti standar gaya hidup tertentu berpotensi menimbulkan rasa tidak puas, kecemasan, serta pergeseran nilai dalam hubungan sosial. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya pengembangan kesadaran kritis dan literasi digital agar individu mampu memahami dan menyikapi iklan media sosial secara lebih reflektif, sehingga tidak sepenuhnya terjebak dalam logika konsumsi yang menyesatkan. Kata Kunci: Media sosial, kebutuhan palsu, masyarakat konsumtif, iklan digital, Herbert Marcuse.
Loyalitas Suporter di Tengah Fluktuasi Prestasi PSM Makassar (Tinjauan Sosiologi Olahraga)
This article examines the loyalty of PSM Makassar supporters amid fluctuations in team performance during the 2025–2026 Indonesian Super League season from a sociology of sport perspective. The central phenomenon analyzed is the absence of collective emotional escalation among supporters despite PSM Makassar experiencing consecutive defeats a situation that, within modern football culture, often triggers conflict and the delegitimization of clubs. From a competitive standpoint, PSM Makassar exhibits recurring patterns of performance instability, both across seasons and within a single competition season, indicating that the championship achieved in the 2022–2023 season has not yet been fully institutionalized as sustainable success. Nevertheless, these fluctuations have not significantly eroded the club’s social legitimacy among its supporters. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through non-participant observation, visual documentation, and analysis of media archives and online news coverage. The data were analyzed thematically using source triangulation. The findings indicate that PSM Makassar supporters interpret defeat as part of the natural rhythm of competition rather than as a collective moral failure. Through the lenses of liquid modernity and burnout society, supporter loyalty is understood as a social mechanism that restrains the pressure of the sports industry’s logic, which emphasizes instant results. Loyalty is institutionalized through symbolic practices, post-match rituals, and the local cultural value of siri’ na pacce, which strengthens solidarity and the regulation of collective emotions.
Kesenjangan Infrastruktur Dasar dan Dampaknya Pada Kualitas Hidup di Kampung Pemulung Savana Kota Makassar
This study analyzes the gap in basic infrastructure in the Pemulung Savana Settlement, Makassar City, and its impact on the quality of life of the community. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method, with data collection techniques including observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is conducted using a thematic method to identify key problem patterns. The findings reveal that limitations in basic infrastructure such as restricted access to clean water, poor sanitation systems, unstable electricity, and inadequate roads and transportation negatively affect the well-being of the community. The lack of educational and healthcare facilities worsens socio-economic conditions, leading to low health levels and limited educational opportunities for children. The absence of essential services also increases the risk of disease and exacerbates poverty. Furthermore, the unclear land ownership status hinders infrastructure improvement efforts. These findings highlight that infrastructure disparities in marginal areas require serious attention from various stakeholders to develop inclusive and sustainable solutions. Improving access to basic services and implementing more equitable development policies are essential to enhancing the quality of life in the area.
Konsumsi Berkelanjutan dan Perubahan Perilaku: Memahami Maraknya Penggunaan Tumbler sebagai Praktik Ramah Lingkungan di Kalangan Milenial Perkotaan
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana dan mengapa generasi urban millennials beralih ke perilaku konsumsi yang lebih ramah lingkungan melalui penggunaan tumbler sebagai bagian dari praktik konsumsi berkelanjutan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini melibatkan 15 informan dari berbagai latar belakang profesi di Jakarta, Surabaya dan Bandung. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik yang berlandaskan kerangka teori Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Value-Belief-Norm (VBN), dan Attitude–Behavior–Context (ABC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku penggunaan tumbler dipengaruhi oleh enam dimensi utama: (1) kesadaran lingkungan sebagai nilai moral, (2) tumbler sebagai simbol identitas sosial urban, (3) pengaruh sosial dan komunitas, (4) peran media sosial dalam normalisasi perilaku hijau, (5) hambatan praktis dan strategi adaptasi, serta (6) dukungan struktural dan ekonomi lokal. Temuan ini memperlihatkan bahwa perilaku konsumsi berkelanjutan tidak hanya berakar pada niat individual, tetapi juga pada konstruksi sosial dan simbolik yang membentuk gaya hidup generasi millennial di perkotaan. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa perubahan perilaku ekologis merupakan hasil interaksi antara nilai moral, norma sosial, dan dukungan institusional, serta merefleksikan pergeseran budaya menuju masyarakat urban yang lebih sadar lingkungan.
Interpretasi Siswa SMAN 4 Kota Pasuruan Terhadap Monopoli Pertamina Dalam Perspektif Hukum Persaingan Usaha: Studi Fenomenologi Hermeneutik
Monopoli Pertamina sebagai badan usaha milik negara di sektor energi nasional merupakan isu strategis yang tidak hanya berdimensi ekonomi dan hukum, tetapi juga berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan kesadaran hukum generasi muda sebagai warga negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam bagaimana siswa SMA menafsirkan praktik monopoli Pertamina dalam perspektif hukum persaingan usaha. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi hermeneutik. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 10 siswa SMA yang dipilih secara purposive berdasarkan pengetahuan dasar tentang isu BBM dan kesediaan menjadi narasumber. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam semi-terstruktur, direkam, ditranskripsikan secara verbatim, dan dianalisis secara interpretatif menggunakan NVivo 12 Pro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memaknai monopoli Pertamina sebagai bentuk dominasi negara yang dipandang sah dan diperlukan untuk menjaga stabilitas energi nasional, namun sekaligus dipersepsikan menimbulkan keterbatasan pilihan, potensi ketidakadilan harga, serta persoalan pelayanan publik. Kesadaran hukum siswa bersifat reflektif, ditandai dengan penerimaan terhadap peran negara yang disertai tuntutan transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan perlindungan kepentingan masyarakat, sehingga menegaskan pentingnya pendidikan hukum dan literasi ekonomi yang kontekstual.
Upaya Pembentukan Sikap Moderasi Beragama Mahasiswa Dalam Mata kuliah PAI di Universitas Yapis Papua
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh realitas sosial mahasiswa di Papua yang hidup dalam lingkungan multikultural sehingga rentan terhadap sikap intoleransi dan konflik antaragama. Matakuliah pendidikan agama Islam (PAI) di perguruan tinggi, khususnya di Universitas Yapis Papua (UNIYAP), memiliki peran strategis dalam membentuk sikap moderasi beragama mahasiswa. Moderasi beragama penting untuk mencegah sikap ekstrem, intoleransi, dan potensi konflik dikalangan mahasiswa. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini mencakup Upaya Pembentukan Sikap Moderasi Beragama Mahasiswa dalam matakuliah PAI di Universitas Yapis Papua serta Faktor Pendukung dan Penghambat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya pembentukan sikap moderasi beragama mahasiswa melalui matakuliah PAI di Universitas Yapis Papua, sekaligus menganalisis strategi yang diterapkan serta faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian meliputi dosen PAI dan mahasiswa dari berbagai program studi dan berbagai latar belakang agama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam matakuliah PAI di Universitas Yapis Papua telah diupayakan untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama, seperti toleransi, sikap adil dan menghargai perbedaan. pembinaaan dalam jam perkuliahan dan diluar jam perkuliahan, penyampaian materi PAI yang di integrasikan dengan moderasi beragama, keteladanan dan nasehat serta adanya pembiasaan kegiatan sosial dan seminar keagamaan. Strategi yang digunakan meliputi diskusi interaktif, studi kasus, serta pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang mendorong mahasiswa memiliki sifat inklusif. Faktor pendukung adalah keragaman lingkungan sosial kampus dan dukungan institusi, sedangkan faktor penghambat meliputi keterbatasan waktu perkuliahan dan perbedaan latar belakang mahasiswa. Kesimpulannya, mata kuliah PAI berkontribusi signifikan dalam membentuk sikap moderasi beragama mahasiswa, meskipun masih diperlukan strategi yang lebih inovatif dan berkelanjutan.
Pappasang ri Kajang sebagai Sistem Nilai Ekologis dalam Pelestarian Lingkungan Masyarakat Adat Lalang Embayya
This study aims to analyze the application of Pappasang ri Kajang in the family life of the indigenous community in the Lalang Embayya Settlement, Tana Toa Village, Bulukumba Regency in maintaining environmental sustainability. Pappasang is a traditional mandate that is passed down from generation to generation and serves as a moral guideline for behavior, including in environmental management. A qualitative approach was used in this study with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. The results show that Pappasang such as kamase-masea (simple living), respect for forests, prohibition of destroying nature, and maintaining the purity of water, are instilled in families as ecological education based on local wisdom. This is not only a social norm, but also an integral part of the spirituality and cultural identity of the Kajang community. Thus, the family becomes the main actor in maintaining environmental sustainability through the inheritance of traditional values orally and practically. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan Pappasang ri Kajang dalam kehidupan keluarga masyarakat adat di Pemukiman Lalang Embayya, Desa Tana Toa, Kabupaten Bulukumba dalam menjaga kelestarian lingkungan. Pappasang merupakan amanah adat yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun dan menjadi pedoman moral dalam berperilaku, termasuk dalam pengelolaan lingkungan. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pappasang seperti kamase-masea (hidup sederhana), penghormatan terhadap hutan, larangan merusak alam, serta menjaga kesucian air, ditanamkan dalam keluarga sebagai pendidikan ekologis berbasis kearifan lokal. Tersebut tidak hanya dijadikan norma sosial, namun menjadi bagian integral dari spiritualitas dan identitas budaya masyarakat Kajang. Dengan demikian, keluarga menjadi aktor utama dalam menjaga keberlanjutan lingkungan melalui pewarisan nilai adat secara lisan dan praksis.
Eksploitasi Anak Sebagai Praktik Ekonomi Informal di Ruang Publik Kota Makassar
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami fenomena eksploitasi anak dalam aktivitas penjualan tisu di ruang publik Kota Makassar. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dengan menentukan informan melalui metode purposive sampling. Enam anak usia 5 sampai 10 tahun yang aktif menjual tisu di lokasi-lokasi yang ramai, seperti Pertamina Alauddin, Pertamina Hertasning, dan Pantai Losari, dipilih untuk menceritakan pengalaman mereka secara langsung. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, pengamatan di lapangan, serta pemeriksaan dokumen, kemudian dianalisis dengan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, & Saldaña. Teknik triangulasi sumber dan peningkatan validitas data juga digunakan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksploitasi anak terjadi dalam berbagai bentuk, seperti jam kerja yang terlalu lama (10-15 jam per hari), pendapatan sepenuhnya diberikan kepada keluarga, adanya kekerasan fisik dan tekanan emosional, lingkungan kerja yang tidak aman, serta hilangnya hak untuk belajar dan bermain. Faktor yang mendukung terus berlangsungnya praktik ini meliputi kondisi keluarga yang miskin, perintah dari orang tua, kebiasaan yang sudah dianggap biasa, keluar sekolah dini, serta kurangnya pengawasan dari pihak berwenang. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan menjual tisu yang dilakukan anak-anak di Kota Makassar adalah bentuk eksploitasi yang terstruktur. Faktor yang memengaruhi terjadinya hal ini melibatkan aspek ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya. Hasil penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya tindakan dari pemerintah serta penguatan sistem perlindungan anak di ruang publik. Kata Kunci : eksploitasi anak, anak jalanan, ruang publik, kemiskinan structural
Pengaruh Pekerja Anak Terhadap Gejala Putus Sekolah Pada Suku Kajang Ammatoa
Abstract. This study aims to determine the influence of child labor on the school dropout rate among the Kajang Ammatoa tribe and to analyze the extent to which socio-cultural, economic, and educational access factors moderate the relationship between child labor and school dropout rates. This research employs a quantitative approach with an associative research design. The study population consists of 50 individuals divided into five categories: school dropouts, working children who are still in school, parents, traditional leaders, and teachers or school representatives. The sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique, resulting in 44 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and documentation, and analyzed using simple linear regression, moderated regression analysis (MRA), t-test (partial), and f-test (simultaneous) with the assistance of SPSS version 26. The results show that, partially, child labor has a significant effect on school dropout rates among the Kajang Ammatoa community. However, simultaneously, the combined influence of child labor with socio-cultural, economic, and educational access factors is not significant in increasing school dropout rates. Keywords : Child Labor, School Dropout, Socio-Cultural Factors, Economy, Educational Access.
Implementasi Karakter Handep Hapakat Pada Program Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) dI SMPN 11 Palangka Raya
Implementation of strategic national policies at the school level often faces adaptation and acceptance challenges in local institutions, particularly in regions rich in local wisdom such as Central Kalimantan. This study was conducted to analyze the integration of the local wisdom value handep hapakat (cohesion and mutual assistance) within the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) at SMPN 11 Palangka Raya. This background prompted a study focusing on the socio-cultural dimension of MBG, which has been effectively running for two months since September 1, 2025. The primary objective of the research was to analyze the implementation of handep hapakat, identify the roles of actors (teachers, students, parents) in the program's sustainability, and examine socio-cultural barriers. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through in-depth interviews with teachers and students. Thematic analysis was conducted using a sociological framework encompassing Solidarity (Durkheim), Inequality (Marx), and Habitus/Social Capital (Bourdieu). The main findings indicate that Handep Hapakat serves as a catalyst for mechanical solidarity (Durkheim). This is evidenced by students' spontaneous initiative in logistics mutual cooperation and the collective meal as a cohesion-strengthening social ritual. Teachers play a central role as guarantors of equitable distribution, ensuring consistent and fair portions, thereby effectively mitigating the risk of access inequality (Marx) within the school environment. Although a clash of taste habitus (menu boredom) was observed, the Handep Hapakat value is capitalized as Social Capital (Bourdieu), realized through the mechanism of sharing leftover food (anti-waste). The active role of teachers in shaping responsible habitus is also crucial. It is concluded that the success of the MBG program at SMPN 11 Palangka Raya relies on the harmonious integration between national policy and local values. The implementation supported by Handep Hapakat yields a Sustainable Implementation Model that not only achieves nutritional goals but significantly reinforces students' social character, collective responsibility, and social capital. The scientific contribution of this research confirms the important role of local culture in the adaptation and effectiveness of public policies at the grassroots level.
Multikulturalisme di SMA Muhammadiyah Studi Kasus: Pelayanan Terhadap Siswa Non Muslim di SMA Muhammadiyah Kota Jayapura
Multicultural education is an education that seriously considers the background of students from various aspects such as ethnicity, race, religion, and culture. SMA Muhammadiyah Jayapura City is a school established by the Muhammadiyah organization based on Islamic ideology, but the school is still open to anyone who wants to study at the school, including non-Muslim students. This can create its own challenges in providing fair and inclusive services for non-Muslim students. This study aims to (1) describe the variety of multiculturalism in SMA Muhammadiyah Jayapura City (2) describe the services to non-Muslim students at SMA Muhammadiyah Jayapura City (3) describe the behavior shown by non-Muslim students at SMA Muhammadiyah Jayapura City. Through a qualitative approach and data collection through in-depth interviews and observations, this study gained an in-depth understanding of the variety of multiculturalism, services, and behaviors of non-Muslim students. Data analysis techniques included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The validity of the data was carried out by triangulating sources and techniques. The results of the study show that SMA Muhammadiyah Jayapura shows multicultural diversity in religious (Islamic-Christian), ethnic (Javanese, Papuan, etc.), and economic aspects (ability-based tuition policy). However, services for non-Muslim students still have structural gaps: (1) The unavailability of special worship spaces and non-Muslim religious teachers, contrary to Law No. 20 of 2003; (2) Although consistent in academic equality (reliability), non-Muslim students are only required to attend PAI lessons without a substantial understanding. On the other hand, schools provide responsive services (minority religious holidays, schedule adjustments), justice guarantees (freedom not to wear the hijab), and empathy (tuition discounts/meal vouchers). The response of non-Muslim students was characterized by harmonious interaction, compliance with the rules (despite being constrained by attendance due to distance), and active tolerance by respecting Muslim worship and participating in Islamic celebrations.
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Habitus dan Krisis Transmisi Pengetahuan Tradisional: Analisis Sosiologis Regenerasi Pengrajin Songkok Recca di Kecamatan Awampone
Penelitian ini menganalisis dinamika transmisi pengetahuan tradisional dalam konteks regenerasi pengrajin Songkok Recca di Kecamatan Awampone, Sulawesi Selatan. Menggunakan kerangka teoretis Pierre Bourdieu tentang habitus dan modal kultural, studi ini mengungkapkan bagaimana mekanisme pewarisan pengetahuan tradisional mengalami disrupsi signifikan akibat transformasi struktural masyarakat kontemporer. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode etnografi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap 25 pengrajin dari tiga generasi berbeda, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa fragmentasi waktu interaksi intergenerasional, transformasi struktur keluarga, dan devaluasi pengetahuan tradisional dalam hierarki epistemik kontemporer menjadi faktor krusial dalam menurunnya minat generasi muda terhadap kerajinan tradisional. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa generasi muda mengalami "generation gap" tidak hanya pada dimensi teknologis dan ekonomis, tetapi juga epistemologis dan aksiologis. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada diskursus sosiologi pengetahuan dengan mendemonstrasikan bagaimana modal kultural tradisional mengalami devaluasi dalam konteks ekonomi kreatif kontemporer, sekaligus mengidentifikasi strategi adaptif yang dikembangkan pengrajin untuk mempertahankan relevansi pengetahuan tradisional.
Pengaruh Manajemen Belajar dan Keterampilan Belajar Mandiri Terhadap Prokrastinasi Mahasiswa Universitas Terbuka Makassar
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh manajemen belajar dan keterampilan belajar mandiri terhadap prokrastinasi akademik mahasiswa Universitas Terbuka Daerah Makassar. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif non-eksperimen dengan desain ex-post facto, yang memungkinkan peneliti mengevaluasi pengaruh variabel bebas yang telah terjadi terhadap variabel terikat. Sampel sebanyak 350 mahasiswa Non-Pendas ditentukan menggunakan tabel Isaac dan Michael dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS) yang dinilai cocok untuk data non-parametrik dan ukuran sampel yang tidak besar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan belajar mandiri berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap prokrastinasi akademik dengan nilai effect size kategori sedang. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi keterampilan belajar mandiri mahasiswa, maka semakin rendah tingkat prokrastinasinya. Varibel manajemen belajar tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap prokrastinasi dengan nilai effect size kategori sangat rendah. Temuan ini menyiratkan bahwa penguatan keterampilan belajar mandiri perlu menjadi fokus utama dalam upaya pengurangan prokrastinasi akademik di kalangan mahasiswa
Pengaruh Kemandirian Belajar Kompetensi Tutor dan Dukungan Sosial Terhadap Hasil Belajar Mahasiswa Pendidikan Dasar Universitas Terbuka
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kemandirian belajar, kompetensi tutor, dan dukungan sosial terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa Program Pendidikan Dasar (Pendas) di UPBJJ-UT Makassar, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linear berganda. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari mahasiswa Pendas yang terdaftar di UPBJJ-UT Makassar. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kemandirian belajar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa dengan nilai t sebesar 6,739 dan signifikansi 0,000. Sebaliknya, kompetensi tutor tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar, yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai t sebesar -0,133 dan p-value 0,895. Sementara itu, dukungan sosial memiliki pengaruh signifikan dengan nilai t sebesar 8,101 dan signifikansi 0,000. Secara simultan, ketiga variabel tersebut berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hasil belajar dengan nilai F-statistic sebesar 33,491 dan signifikansi 0,000. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan hasil belajar mahasiswa dapat dicapai melalui penguatan kemandirian belajar dan dukungan sosial. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam perumusan strategi pembelajaran jarak jauh yang lebih efektif di lingkungan Universitas Terbuka
Hakikat Manusia dan Implikasinya bagi Pendidikan: Tinjauan Filosofi Pendidikan Islam (Kajian Literatur)
This study aimed to analyze the nature of humans and their relationship to education from a philosophical perspective, particularly within the framework of Islamic educational philosophy. Humans, as God’s creatures, were understood to possess intellectual, physical, and spiritual potential that needed to be developed holistically through education. In Islamic thought, education was not limited to the transmission of knowledge but also served as a means to cultivate moral integrity and spiritual character, enabling humans to fulfill their role as caliphs on earth. This research employed a literature study method by examining various relevant works to explore the concept of humanity and education in philosophy. The findings highlight that education is a lifelong process which integrates religious and intellectual values, and it is essential for shaping individuals who are responsible to God, society, and the environment.